The reserves of high-viscosity oils in the world are estimated at 700 billion tons, which is comparable to the world reserves of conventional oil. Since high-viscosity oil will be the main raw material for the next 50-70 years, great attention is currently being paid to the development of high-viscosity oil fields and their application in industrial processing. The operating costs associated with the transportation of traditional light oil are several times lower than those associated with high-viscosity oil, which negatively affects the profitability of enterprises, including when transporting products over long distances through pipelines. All existing methods that allow regulating transport processes are directly determined by rheological properties. It should be noted that changing the rheological properties in the process of transporting high-viscosity oils is the most promising direction in terms of covering all technologies related to the oil and gas sector of the economy. To solve these difficulties and, above all, to improve the transportation of high-viscosity oils, chemical reagents are actively used today that prevent the formation of paraffin crystals in oil, lower the freezing point and generally improve the rheological parameters of the raw material. For the transportation of high-viscosity oil by pipelines, a combination of two or more methods will be more effective. Methods of ensuring flow without chemical additives are now becoming popular. When annular flow is used for the transportation of heavy oil by pipeline, even relatively short-term interruptions in operation can lead to the separation of the flow into two phases. Methods of ensuring transportation with low operating and capital costs have recently attracted increasing interest. In the future, electric heating and ultrasonic methods will become popular for pipeline transportation.